Heatwaves

Heatwaves can be dangerous, especially for the very young, very old or those with chronic diseases.

Anyone can experience heat related symptoms but some people may have a higher risk of serious harm. These include:

• babies and young children
• older people, especially women, and those over 75
• people with serious health issues

Monitor the current situation by checking the Heatwave alert level on the internet or listening to local weather news. People at particular risk should consult their GP about possible changes to their treatment or medication.

• keep curtains on windows exposed to the sun closed while the temperature outside is higher than it is inside
• once the temperature outside has dropped lower than it is inside, open the windows (if it is safe to do so)
• water external and internal plants, and spray the ground outside windows with water (avoid creating slip hazards) to help cool the air. Check local drought water restrictions before using hosepipes
• stay out of the sun, especially between the hours of 11am and 3pm
• stay in the shade and wear hats, sunscreen, thin scarves and light clothing if going outside

• reduces your level of physical exertion
• take regular cool showers or baths or splash cool water on your face and back of neck
• wear light, loose cotton clothes to absorb sweat and prevent skin irritation
• a damp cloth on the back of the neck helps temperature regulation
• drink regularly - preferably water or fruit juice and avoid alcohol and caffeine

During extended periods of raised temperatures ensure that people over the age of 65 are advised to increase their fluid intake to reduce the risk of blood-stream infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Watch out for signs that could be attributed to other causes, but are also specific symptoms of heat exhaustion and heatstroke such as:

• difficulty sleeping, drowsiness, faintness and changes in behaviour
• increased body temperature
• difficulty breathing and increased heart rate
• dehydration, nausea or vomiting
• worsening health problems, especially of heart or respiratory system

If you suspect someone has heatstroke, seek medical attention. If urgent, call 999. While waiting for the ambulance:

• take the person’s temperature
• if possible, move them somewhere cooler
• cool them down as quickly as possible by giving them a cool shower, sprinkling them with water or wrapping them in a damp sheet, and using a fan to create an air current
• encourage them to drink fluids, if they are conscious
• do not give aspirin or paracetamol